[Free PDF] Slave Dynasty [1206-1290] - Notes, MCQs, and Quiz
SSC Exams

[Free PDF] Slave Dynasty [1206-1290] - Notes, MCQs, and Quiz

The Slave Dynasty, also known as the Mamluk Dynasty, was the first dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate in India. It marked the beginning of Muslim rule in India and laid the foundation for subsequent dynasties. The dynasty was established by Qutb al-Din Aibak, a former slave who declared himself independent after the death of Muhammad Ghori in 1206.

This article provides an overview of the Slave Dynasty, its rulers, achievements, and significance in Indian history. It also includes multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and a quiz to test your knowledge about this important period.

Table of Contents

Major Rulers of the Slave Dynasty

| Ruler | Reign Period | |------------------|---------------| | Qutb al-Din Aibak | 1206-1210 | | Iltutmish | 1210-1236 | | Razia Sultana | 1236-1240 | | Muiz ud din Bahram | 1240-1242 | | Ala ud din Masud | 1242-1246 | | Nasir ud din Mahmud | 1246-1266 | | Ghiyas ud din Balban | 1266-1287 | | Shamsuddin Kayumars | 1290-1290 |

Qutub ud-Din Aibak [1206-1210]

  • He was a slave of Muhammad Ghori.
  • He was governor, declared independent after death of Ghori and started slave dynasty.
  • He also started Mamluk dynasty(slaves that become rulers.)
  • He made Lahore as his capital.
  • He built two mosques: i.Adhai din ka Jhonpra - Ajmer
    ii.Quwwat ul Islam Mosque - Delhi
  • Aibak also started the construction of Qutub Minar which was named after Sufi saint, Khwaja Qutubuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki.
  • Qutub Minar’s contruction was completed during the tenure of Iltutmish.
  • He was also called Lakh Baksh, Peel Baksh, Hatim II and Kuran Khan.
  • He died while playing Chaugaan(Horse Polo) in 1210.

Iltutmish [1210-1236]

  • He was from Ilbari tribe, hence this dynasty is called Ilbari Dyansty.
  • He transferred the capital from Lahore to Delhi.
  • He followed Mongol policy as he denied refugee to Jalaluddin Mangbarni in 121, who was fleeing from Changez Khan,this saved Delhi and India from Warth of Changez Khan.
  • He started land revenue system called Iqta and the head of Iqta was called Muqti or Wai.
  • Muqti had to deposit money to sultan called Fawazil.
  • Iltutmish also started Silver Coins called Tanka and Copper Coins called Jital.
  • He defeated Yalduz, successor of Mohammad Ghori and Qubacha, governor of Iltutmish who sought to become independent.
  • He is also referred to as the real founder of Slave dynasty due to these works.
  • He works include the constitution of 40 nobles called Chalisa or Tukran-i-Chahalgani.
  • He recruited slaves for military services called Bandgans.
  • Construction of Qutub Minar was completed during his tenure and he added three storeys to it.
  • His tomb is located in Qutub Minar Complex.

Razia Sultana [1236-1240]

  • She was the first and only Woman ruler of the Delhi Sultanate.
  • She was the daughter of Iltutmish and was appointed as the ruler after the death of her brother, Rukn ud din Firoz.
  • She was a capable ruler and tried to rule independently, which led to opposition from the Chalisa and the nobles.
  • Razia was known for her administrative skills and her efforts to promote justice and equality.
  • She was also known for her love for a slave named Jamal ud din Yaqut.
  • Her rule faced challenges from the nobles, and she was eventually deposed in 1240.
  • Razia’s tomb is located in Turkman Gate, Delhi.

Muiz ud din Bahram [1240-1242]

  • He was the son of Iltutmish and ruled for a short period.
  • His rule was marked by instability and he was unable to maintain control over the nobles.
  • He was deposed by the nobles and replaced by Ala ud din Masud.

Ala ud din Masud [1242-1246]

  • He was the son of Iltutmish and ruled for a brief period.
  • His rule was also marked by instability and he was unable to assert his authority.

Nasir ud din Mahmud [1246-1266]

  • He was the son of Iltutmish and ruled for a long period.
  • His rule was relatively stable, and he focused on consolidating the power of the dynasty.
  • He faced challenges from the Mongols and other regional powers but managed to maintain control over Delhi.
  • He married his daughter to Ghiyas ud din Balban, who later became a prominent ruler of the dynasty.
  • Balban was appointed as the Wazir (prime minister) of Delhi during his reign.
  • Tabaqat-i-Nasiri, a historical text, was written during his reign by Minhaj-i-Siraj.
  • He was poisoned by Balban in 1266.

Ghiyas ud din Balban [1266-1287]

  • He was a former slave and a prominent noble of the dynasty.
  • He became the Sultan after the death of Nasir ud din Mahmud.
  • Balban is known for his strong and autocratic rule, which aimed to restore the authority of the Sultanate.
  • His first work was to break the powers of the Chalisa and the nobles, which he achieved through a series of military campaigns and political maneuvers.
  • He initiated spies named Barids to keep an eye on the nobles and the public.
  • Balban introduced the concept of Sijda (prostration) and Pehlu or Paibos (kissing the ground) to emphasize the authority of the Sultan.
  • He started Nauroz festival to celebrate the Persian New Year and to promote Persian culture.
  • He took title of Sultan-i-Azam and Zil-i-Ilahi (Shadow of God).
  • He started Diwan-i-Arz (Department of Military Affairs) and head of this department was called Ariz-i-Mamalik.
  • He followed the policy of Blood and Iron to maintain law and order.

Shamsuddin Kayumars [1290]

  • He was the last ruler of the Slave Dynasty and became ruler at the age of 3.
  • His reign was short-lived, and he was overthrown by Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji, who established the Khilji Dynasty.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) on Slave Dynasty

1. Who was the founder of the Slave Dynasty?

A) Iltutmish
B) Qutb al-Din Aibak
C) Razia Sultana
D) Ghiyas ud din Balban

Answer: B) Qutb al-Din Aibak

2. Which ruler was known as Lakh Baksh?

A) Iltutmish
B) Qutb al-Din Aibak
C) Razia Sultana
D) Ghiyas ud din Balban

Answer: B) Qutb al-Din Aibak

3. Who was the first and only woman ruler of the Delhi Sultanate?

A) Iltutmish
B) Qutb al-Din Aibak
C) Razia Sultana
D) Ghiyas ud din Balban

Answer: C) Razia Sultana

4. Which ruler introduced the concept of Sijda and Paibos?

A) Iltutmish
B) Qutb al-Din Aibak
C) Ghiyas ud din Balban
D) Nasir ud din Mahmud

Answer: C) Ghiyas ud din Balban

5. Who was the last ruler of the Slave Dynasty?

A) Iltutmish
B) Qutb al-Din Aibak
C) Shamsuddin Kayumars
D) Ghiyas ud din Balban

Answer: C) Shamsuddin Kayumars

6. Which ruler was known for his autocratic rule and the policy of Blood and Iron?

A) Iltutmish
B) Qutb al-Din Aibak
C) Ghiyas ud din Balban
D) Nasir ud din Mahmud

Answer: C) Ghiyas ud din Balban

7. Which of the following was a significant achievement of Iltutmish?

A) Construction of Qutub Minar
B) Establishment of the Chalisa
C) Introduction of the Tanka and Jital coins
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

8. Who was the Wazir (prime minister) during the reign of Nasir ud din Mahmud?

A) Iltutmish
B) Qutb al-Din Aibak
C) Ghiyas ud din Balban
D) Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji

Answer: C) Ghiyas ud din Balban

9. What was the initial capital of the Slave Dynasty?

A) Lahore
B) Delhi
C) Ajmer
D) Agra

Answer: A) Lahore

10. Which historical text was written during the reign of Nasir ud din Mahmud?

A) Tabaqat-i-Nasiri
B) Chachnama
C) Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi
D) Ain-i-Akbari

Answer: A) Tabaqat-i-Nasiri

Quiz on Slave Dynasty

Quiz on Slave Dynasty

Question 1: What was Qutb al-Din Aibak's nickname meaning "giver of lakhs"?

Question 2: Which game was Qutb al-Din Aibak playing when he died?

Question 3: Which dynasty is the Slave Dynasty also known as?

Question 4: What was the name of the group of 40 nobles established by Iltutmish?

Question 5: Who was Razia Sultana's beloved slave?

Question 6: Which festival did Balban introduce to promote Persian culture?

Question 7: What was the copper coin introduced by Iltutmish called?

Question 8: How did Nasir ud din Mahmud die?

See Also

Books and Authors Name